In 2013, Yili Group established a dual-engine strategy of innovation and internationalization. After initially cultivating resources and strengthening innovation, Yili began to deepen its presence in international markets and establish a global brand. When entering a regional market, the first consideration for decision-makers is which location or country to enter first and which product category to introduce. This case describes Yili''s decision-making .....more

Set in 2025, the case is about how Puan Sri Dato'' Sandra Lee navigated scepticism and technical hurdles to turn her idea of an oil palm harvesting tool into a product. Lee was in her seventies and a grandmother of 10 grandchildren when she defied the typical perception of an entrepreneur who was young and tech-savvy. She had conceived the idea of an oil palm harvesting product after noticing the toll plantation labour took on the workers'' .....more

Set in 2025, this case examines Bank of America''s (BofA) development and adoption of Erica, an artificial intelligence (AI) powered virtual assistant across its multiple business lines. Developed in-house and launched in 2018, Erica by 2025 had evolved from addressing basic account queries to enabling transactions, issuing fraud alerts, and delivering proactive and personalised financial insights to over nearly 50 million active users. .....more

A small chain of retail stores selling outdoors equipment, Shenandoah Outfitters is expanding rapidly. The finance manager has to develop a financial plan for accommodating this growth and the investments it requires. Analysis reveals that the business is growing faster than can be financed from internal sources--Shenandoah has been increasing the amount of its long-term loan and has just ended the year with a higher-than-usual balance on its bank .....more

Bergen Fashions, Inc.: Outsourcing to Bangladesh" explores ways to evaluate global business risks by looking at a small US fashion company''s decision whether to outsource a new product line to Bangladesh. The key comparison is between a simple risk adjustment to the discount rate, such as increasing a hurdle rate by a sovereign spread, and modeling specific risks by adjusting cash flows and looking at the distribution of resulting net .....more

Founded in 2008, Risfond quickly emerged as one of China''s premier headhunting firms, riding the wave of the country''s rapid economic growth to drive its expansion. Sixteen years later, the company achieved annual revenue of CNY 700 million and, at its peak, employed over 5,000 staff. In 2010, the firm launched its Cross-Partner Model (CPM) to effectively tackle prevalent industry pain points, including low labor productivity and .....more

Maj. (Dr.) Deepak Bhatia, cofounder and CEO of Animal Kingdom, and Rrajat Pradip Handa, Chief Strategy Officer, built a transformative platform in India''s pet care ecosystem. Combining Bhatia''s veterinary expertise with Handa''s business acumen, Animal Kingdom evolved into an integrated solution for pet health monitoring, e-commerce, and services, with a strong focus on sustainability. The venture gained momentum and positioned .....more

At the start of fiscal year 2025, Hard Court Systems Ltd. (HCS), an Australian producer and installer of surfaces for tennis courts, has embarked on a major restructuring of its operations. With 2025 financial results just released, CFO Charles Walker is preparing to meet with shareholders to discuss the business''s financial performance. A key transformation brought about by the restructuring is an increase in fixed costs due to investments .....more

When Baxton Adhesives (Baxton) receives payment denominated in Brazilian reais from its first international sale, the owner, Sebastion Jones, realizes that exchange-rate movements have substantially reduced the value of the sale in US dollars. With a follow-on order being considered, Jones must come to grips with the impact of currency risks on profitability and formulate a strategy for handling those risks. The case provides enough detail to explore .....more

This case was written to simulate the economic decisions that led to the 2008 financial crisis without explicitly referencing that crisis. It focuses on a fictional commercial bank that seeks to grow but is constrained by capital requirements. It simulates an executive committee meeting that ultimately makes the constraint less binding. The focus is on legitimate maneuvers within the scope of accounting rules that existed before the crisis. The case .....more